Types of mirror
A mirror is a smooth, shiny surface that reflects light. There are three common types. A plane mirror is flat. A concave mirror curves inwards like the inside of a bowl. A convex mirror curves outwards like the back of a spoon.
Key idea
Plane = flat, Concave = curves in, Convex = curves out. Each shape reflects light differently, giving different images and uses.
Images and uses
A plane mirror forms an image that is the same size as the object, upright, and laterally inverted (left and right swapped). We use it at home to see ourselves. A concave mirror can make things look larger; it is used as a shaving/make-up mirror and in torches and car headlights to focus a beam. A convex mirror gives a smaller, upright image but shows a wide view; it is used as a car side mirror and at road junctions for safety.
| Mirror | Common use |
|---|---|
| Plane | Bathroom / dressing mirror |
| Concave | Make-up mirror, headlight |
| Convex | Car side mirror, corner safety mirror |
Remember
- Plane mirror image is laterally inverted.
- Convex mirror gives a wide field of view.
- Concave mirror can magnify and focus light.