Chapter 8

Force and Motion

Forces, their units and effects, and friction and gravity — with an interactive exercise.

A force is a push or a pull, measured in newtons (N). Forces can change an object's speed, direction or shape.

Friction opposes motion between surfaces; gravity pulls objects towards Earth. When forces are balanced, an object stays still or moves steadily.

Remember

  • Force is measured in newtons (N).
  • Friction opposes motion; gravity pulls down.

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