Why forests matter
Forest resources are very important to the environment and to the economy. Forests supply timber and forest products such as rattan, resin and medicinal plants as raw materials for industry. They also provide a habitat for many kinds of wildlife and act as water catchment areas that supply clean water to the population. In addition, forests absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, helping to regulate the climate and reduce global warming.
Key idea
Forests supply raw materials, regulate the climate, act as water catchments and wildlife habitats, and prevent soil erosion.
Effects of deforestation
Uncontrolled clearing of forests can cause soil erosion, flooding, loss of biodiversity and global warming. When the tree roots that bind the soil are lost, the soil is easily washed away by rain into rivers, making the rivers shallow. Local temperatures also rise because there is no shade from the trees.
Sustainable forest management
To keep forest resources for the future, several sustainable practices are used:
- Selective logging — only mature trees are felled.
- Reforestation — replanting trees to replace those cut down.
- Gazetting forest reserves — protecting forest areas from being cleared.
- Legal controls — logging licences are issued and felling quotas are limited.
The authorities also run awareness campaigns and research to ensure that forest resources are used wisely without harming the environment.
Remember
Selective logging and reforestation ensure that forests remain for future generations.