The web is a system for sharing pages of information across the internet. When you type an address into a browser, your computer (the client) asks another computer (the server) for a page. The server sends back a file, and the browser turns that file into the page you see.
Client, server and HTTP
The browser and server talk using a set of rules called HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol). The browser sends a request, and the server sends a response. A web address like https://jomkelas.my is called a URL. The letter s in https means the connection is encrypted and safer.
What is HTML?
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language. It is the language used to describe the structure of a page: headings, paragraphs, images and links. HTML is not a programming language; it is a markup language that labels content so the browser knows what each part is.
HTML uses tags written inside angle brackets. Most tags come in pairs: an opening tag and a closing tag with a slash. The content sits between them. A tag plus its content is called an element.
<p>Hello, world!</p>A basic HTML5 page
Every modern page starts with a document type declaration and follows a fixed skeleton. The <head> holds information about the page, and the <body> holds the visible content.
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>My Page</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome</h1>
<p>This is my first page.</p>
</body>
</html>The <!DOCTYPE html> line tells the browser to use HTML5. The <title> text shows on the browser tab, not on the page itself. HTML files are saved with a .html ending and can be opened directly in any browser.
Remember
- The client asks and the server answers, using HTTP.
- HTML describes structure, not looks.
- Most elements have an opening tag and a closing tag.
- Every page has <html>, <head> and <body>.