Why the Energy Sector Matters
Most of Malaysia's electricity is still generated by burning fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas. Burning these fuels releases carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that cause global warming, and the fuels themselves will one day run out. Green technology in the energy sector has two goals: switch to renewable energy and use energy more efficiently.
Key idea
Renewable energy comes from sources that are naturally replaced and do not run out — the Sun, wind, flowing water and biomass. Fossil fuels are non-renewable and pollute more.
Renewable Energy Sources
- Solar energy — solar panels turn sunlight into electricity; Malaysia's sunny climate makes this very suitable.
- Hydroelectric energy — moving water spins turbines, as at the Bakun dam in Sarawak.
- Biomass and biogas — waste from oil palm mills is burned or fermented to release energy.
- Wind and geothermal — used in some countries where the wind is strong or the ground is hot.
Using Energy Efficiently
Energy efficiency means getting the same job done while using less energy. Replacing old bulbs with LED lamps, choosing appliances with a high energy-rating star label, switching off equipment not in use and designing buildings with good natural lighting all cut energy waste. Using less energy saves money and reduces the greenhouse gases released by power stations.
Reducing our dependence on imported and finite fuels also improves energy security: a country that generates power from its own sunlight, water and biomass is less affected when world fuel prices rise sharply.
Example
A school installs rooftop solar panels and replaces all its fluorescent tubes with LED lamps. Its electricity bill falls and fewer tonnes of carbon dioxide are released by the power grid each year.
Remember
Two green strategies for energy: (1) generate it from renewable sources, (2) use less of it through efficiency.